A 3-step analgesic ladder was introduced in 1986 and needs change. Surgical interventions could reduce opioid use and motivate expansion of current pain management approaches.
AMA J Ethics. 2020;22(8):E695-701. doi:
10.1001/amajethics.2020.695.
Underlying ideological foundations of stigma and equipment inadequacy include thin-centrism and inadequate representation of fat people in health care organizational leadership.
AMA J Ethics. 2023;25(7):E528-534. doi:
10.1001/amajethics.2023.528.
Ali John Zarrabi, MD, Ran Huo, MD, and Diane E. Meier, MD
Although palliative care is high-value because it reduces costs and improves the quality and quantity of life, its implementation is hampered by stigma, a shortage of palliative care specialists, and a lack of adequate palliative care education.
AMA J Ethics. 2015;17(11):1064-1072. doi:
10.1001/journalofethics.2015.17.11.pfor3-1511.