This article considers how the AMA Code of Medical Ethics can support physicians while they cope with regret about a patient’s poor outcome.

This manuscript distinguishes between constructive regret and destructive regret, which can lead to emotional withdrawal and impaired decision-making.

Surgeons’ regret experiences arising from factors beyond their control might mean that organizations need to step up and help.

Expressing regret to patients requires transparent and honest communication but can leave surgeons vulnerable.

Surgical trainees care for patients suffering from circumstances their surgeons might deeply regret, but few are taught how to navigate these experiences.

This article examines use of the US Food and Drug Administration’s expanded access pathway to permit cardiac xenotransplants.

As more students, trainees, and clinicians engage in acts of professional resistance, professional accountability is needed when such acts influence patient care.

This article suggests how organizations can help surgeons experiencing regret and help sustain their impulses to practice.

Navigating regret experiences with support from mentors and peers is essential for surgeon well-being, a healthy surgical culture, and optimal patient care.

Some regret experiences stem from incomplete communications or miscommunications about options, expectations, or prognoses.