Physicians need to carefully explain the difficult medical realities of carrying a fetus with severe congenital abnormalities to term but then follow the wishes of a religious family who ask for reasonable medical care.
Ethically justifying human-centered research with only nonhuman animals as subjects likely requires that the research’s benefits to humans must, at least, outweigh harms suffered by the nonhuman animals.
AMA J Ethics. 2024;26(9):E673-678. doi:
10.1001/amajethics.2024.673.