Being undocumented is a risk factor for mental illness, and immigration status relates prominently to overall health. That’s enough to consider it protected health information under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Privacy Rule.
AMA J Ethics. 2019;21(1):E32-37. doi:
10.1001/amajethics.2019.32.
Ruth L. Ackah, MD, Rohini R. Sigireddi, and Bhamidipati V. R. Murthy, MD
Although undocumented immigrants contribute to the pool of available organs and to the US tax base, they are not eligible for organ transplantation in most US states.
AMA J Ethics. 2019;21(1):E17-25. doi:
10.1001/amajethics.2019.17.
Madeleine (Maddy) Kane, Rachel Bervell, MD, MS, Angela Y. Zhang, MD, and Jennifer Tsai, MD, MEd
Algorithms use race as an epidemiological shorthand, but clinically influential historical, social, and cultural determinants of health are still sources of variability.
AMA J Ethics. 2022;24(8):E720-728. doi:
10.1001/amajethics.2022.720.