Being marked as an “other” outside of the circle of human concern expresses tension between principles of liberty and equality and exacerbates health inequity.
AMA J Ethics. 2021;23(2):E166-174. doi:
10.1001/amajethics.2021.166.
Research is often conducted without the knowledge or consent of those whose tissues are banked and poses possible harms to social groups if information about a few members is unscientifically applied to all.
Some question whether plastic surgeons bear responsibility for promoting suspect norms of beauty, given that certain types of cosmetic enhancements reinforce common conceptions of normality that are harmful to society.