Cases of elder self-neglect require physicians to balance the patient’s wish for independence and the risks of poor self-care.

Elder self-neglect can be assessed with the Elder Self-Neglect Assessment (ESNA) and addressed by physicians’ partnering with patients to achieve common goals.

When acting as a surrogate for incapacitated incarcerated patients, physicians may disclose protected health information to a patient’s legal counsel.

Correctional physicians’ concerns about medication diversion should not outweigh respect for autonomy when deciding on a patient’s care plan.

Complications of caring for extreme prematurity should be discussed and decisons shared.

The AMA Code of Medical Ethics’ opinions related to iatrogenesis in pediatrics.

Clinicians caring for pediatric patients can face a dilemma of whether to respect parental autonomy or uphold the patient’s best interests.

Trauma-informed care ensures ethical treatment for children experiencing physical or psychological distress associated with a medical event or procedure.

Nontherapeutic infant male circumcision is not medically or ethically justifiable and should be deferred until the person is able to decide for himself.

Physicians are accountable to patients for physical and psychological harm caused by intersex surgery, cosmetic vaginal surgery, or circumcision.