Because transplantation for methylmalonic acidaemia prioritizes quality of life over long-term outcomes, justice and utility must be considered.

Clinicians must avoid violating professional ethical principles and patients’ legal rights and they may not ever discriminate. So, what does that mean in practice?

Good clinicians understand why a patient is asking for a test or treatment, and their skillful counseling can often stem the tide of requests for marginally beneficial tests and procedures.

A physician may withhold information from a patient if he believes that he is acting in accordance with the patient’s wishes and best interests.

A nudge is an intervention designed to prompt a person to “voluntarily” make a choice intended by those who altered an environment or situation to yield that choice.

A lack of consensus guidelines or a belief that current evidence does not support such guidelines might be justified if a clinician expresses a commitment to patient-centered care and shared decision making.

Prevention efforts can marginalize patients by stigmatizing certain behaviors, so distinguishing individual professionals’ preferences about those behaviors is critical.

Legacy patients are so-called because their opioid use behaviors express past, aggressive opioid prescribing by a clinician. Managing their pain and dependence justly is ethically complex.

Increase in dietary supplement use in the United States suggests a great need for clinicians to be aware of the range of their quality parameters.

Marissa Chaet Brykman joins Ethics Talk to discuss her article, coauthored with Dr Virginia Streusand Goldman, Dr Nandakumara Sarma, Dr Hellen A. Oketch-Rabah, Deborah Biswas and Dr Gabriel I. Giancaspro: “What Should Clinicians Know About Dietary Supplement Quality?”