Perhaps machine learning systems trained on patients’ electronic health records and social media footprints could be used as decision aids when patients lack capacity or face overwhelming decisions.

False health-related speech can cause harm, but it’s not restricted unless it’s obscene. Physicians are obliged not only to correct patients’ false beliefs, but to engage digital spaces in which false claims thrive.

Government can regulate false speech and professional speech, which bans “gag laws” and compelled speech about laws to restrict abortion, for example. How should health professions share regulatory responsibility with government to prevent true speech about health information from being stifled?

Legal inconsistencies and variation in end-of-life options generate disparities in care for unrepresented patients.

A guardian’s request to sterilize a woman with intellectual disabilities is not ethically justifiable unless the woman assents and it is to her benefit.

Underrepresentation of individuals with limited English proficiency who speak Spanish is ongoing in phase 3 biomedical clinical trials and exacerbates health inequity.

Alternatives to suing could help open communication between injured patients and clinicians.

Systematic analysis of extant research ethics guidance is needed for conflict-affected countries and UN agencies.

“Contraception Options” considers the general social and cultural expectation and norm that women’s bodies should be the sites of contraception.