Michael Toppe, DMSc, PA-C and Lushiku Nkombua, MD, MMed
American physician assistant students trained in South Africa to study an example of a reverse innovation practice that could be incorporated in the US.
AMA J Ethics. 2023;25(5):E332-337. doi:
10.1001/amajethics.2023.332.
William J. Rifkin, Rami S. Kantar, MD, Safi Ali-Khan, Natalie M. Plana, J. Rodrigo Diaz-Siso, MD, Manos Tsakiris, PhD, MSc, and Eduardo D. Rodriguez, MD, DDS
Facial transplantation provides a viable option for those patients with severe facial defects who are more likely to adapt to their new facial appearance.
AMA J Ethics. 2018;20(4):309-323. doi:
10.1001/journalofethics.2018.20.4.peer1-1804.
Distinctions between treatment and enhancement, and between supposedly authentic and inauthentic tools, often inform judgments about what is morally acceptable in sport.