To fairly distribute the benefits of digital technologies, clinicians will need to be incentivized to adopt technologies that target the underserved.

A just culture perspective suggests that punitive responses to those who err should be reserved for those who have willfully and irremediably caused harm.

Clinical applications of AI prompt consideration of how responsibility should be distributed among professionals, tech companies, and others.

Guidance for organizations using AI tools to diagnose and to develop treatment recommendations can also help clinicians consider risks and benefits.

Direct-to-consumer genetic testing requires that physicians share decision making with patients, not order unnecessary tests or interventions, and refer to genetic specialists when necessary.

Pathologists’ adoption of practical social media use guidelines can help mitigate risk to patients.

For telemedicine to be properly integrated into everyday care in the twenty-first century, we need to advance beyond twentieth-century policy.

Ideally, telepsychiatry treatment should include collaboration with patients’ primary care physicians. One way to facilitate the collaboration is for patients to have videoconference appointments with their psychiatrists in the primary care clinic.

Telepsychiatry extends access to psychiatric treatment to those who might not otherwise get it, but licensure problems and the risk of boundary violations between patients and physicians need to be worked out.

The Indian Health Service has been a leader in implementing telehealth programs and technologies that increase access to and efficiencies in care, particularly in the fields of mental health and ophthalmology.