Patients’ perceptions of how much input they have in making health decisions influence therapeutic alliance and outcomes.

Public and self-stigma negatively influence patients’ quality of life, employment, and housing opportunities.

Some clinicians cite absence of long-term data to justify not fully deferring surgery for children with DSD, and legal restrictions of early procedures are also at play.

Physicians’ primary responsibility is to promote patients’ well-being, which includes not causing financial harm.

Defining typical appearance as a goal of health service provision is harmful and unnecessary for traits that are stigmatized but neither harmful nor distressing.

Co-creative health systems planning requires engaging patients and learning from peers.

Dr Nat Mulkey and Dr Carl G. Streed Jr join Ethics Talk to discuss their article coauthored with Dr Barbara M. Chubak, "A Call to Update Standard of Care for Children With Differences in Sex Development."

Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma and breast implant illness have prompted recalls of implants.

Priorities far beyond generating morbidity or mortality data are needed to improve patients’ experiences, innovate metrics, and advance surgical palliation as a field.

Clinician-family communication in surgical intensive care units should focus on reducing value incongruence and nonbeneficial operations.