Surgeons and anesthesiologists each have a unique sense of duty to patients to clarify which factors might influence outcomes after intraoperative cardiac arrest.

Two pediatric cases highlight risks of prolonging anesthetic exposure for training purposes and prompt questions about influences of surgical training on outcomes.

IRBs must report human subject research protocol deviations and university leadership might also need to motivate compliance with federal regulations.

Corporatization in health care has complicated clinicians’ and organizations’ efforts to balance interests of individual patients against an organization’s bottom line.

Some physicians who value collective bargaining remain concerned that patient services could suffer, but unionization can be driven by a focus on improving care.

Vaping has been thought to be a safe, effective smoking cessation aid, but little evidence supports its value in mitigating tobacco use.

Mortality rates for breast cancer are higher where treatments are unavailable and unaffordable. Though less effective, breast examination could be a good screening approach.

Limited understanding of disease etiology often leads to resistance, which can result in low vaccine uptake.

Balancing need for global solidarity against local stakeholders’ safety concerns is one source of tension when trying to mitigate global risk.

During one 2014 Ebola epidemic, arrival of “safe burial” teams was often delayed. Some buried their loved ones themselves, which undermined containment efforts.