Specific advocate guidelines are needed for the protection of children in state custody who are potential research subjects in trials that would expose them to greater-than-minimal risk but also hold the prospect of direct benefit.

Using children as research subjects is only ethical in very specific situations where the risk to the child is minimal.

When a seriously ill mature minor and his parent disagree about his receiving an experimental intervention, who should decide what treatment he will receive?

When a seriously ill mature minor and his parent disagree about his receiving an experimental intervention, who should decide what treatment he will receive?

When a seriously ill mature minor and his parent disagree about his receiving an experimental intervention, who should decide what treatment he will receive?