Physicians should go beyond basic medical diagnosis and treatment to offer support to families about the gamut of social and emotional issues that are involved with caring for a severely disabled child.

When adolescents seek emergency contraception in the emergency room, social judgment on the part of clinicians can hamper treatment.

Physicians must resist judging the quality of life of their patients with Down syndrome and learn to listen and see them as individual personalities.

The AMA Code of Medical Ethics' opinions on confidential care for sexually active minors and physicians' exercise of conscience in refusal of services.