The only studies in which hGH was shown to have a positive effect on athletic performance were in anabolic steroid users, so testing for hGH alone may not be accomplishing the intended goal.

Enabling an athlete to harm herself, even in the pursuit of sporting success, is not acceptable behavior for a doctor.

Physician-assisted doping of athletes has transformed high-performance sport into a chronically overmedicated subculture and spread so-called hormonal rejuvenation to the general public.

Physicians can help patients avoid sports-related injuries by teaching basic precautions.

Physicians for sports teams may not allow team management and coaches to dictate medical treatment or diagnosis of an athlete-patient.

A recent journal article discussed the ethical challenges faced by physicians for sports teams.

Sports medicine physicians are in a unique position to advocate on behalf of athletes for safe and ethical play.