This case invites us to think about the real and potential risks that surgeons pose to patients. The risk of HIV acquisition from an infected surgeon appears much lower than the risk of nosocomial bacterial infections, even those with lethal potential.
Those who care for adolescents must advocate for timely disclosure of HIV diagnosis since the negative effects of late disclosure include social isolation, anxiety, loss of trust, and depression.
The guidelines for patients’ eligibility for bariatric surgery have not changed since 1991, although recent data suggest there may be indications for broadening application of the surgery.
VCA candidates need clinicians to help them become familiar with experimental surgery eligibility criteria, prior and possible outcomes, and potential risks and benefits.
AMA J Ethics. 2019;21(11):E960-967. doi:
10.1001/amajethics.2019.960.