Two commentaries respond to a case about apnea testing to confirm death by neurologic criteria.

Physicians should provide women considering abortion after Down syndrome screening with unbiased information and not attempt to influence their decision.

Noninvasive prenatal testing arguably constitutes a form of eugenics in a social context in which certain reproductive outcomes are not valued.

Pregnant women at high risk for heritable diseases need support and nondirective genetic counseling.

Preventing bad outcomes for teens and their offspring was the impetus behind confidential care for reproductive health. Requiring parental involvement created an obstacle to the provision of necessary care.

Doctors should do everything they can to protect an adolescent's confidentiality, but lying to the patient's parents is not acceptable.

When adolescents seek emergency contraception in the emergency room, social judgment on the part of clinicians can hamper treatment.

The AMA Code of Medical Ethics' opinions on confidential care for sexually active minors and physicians' exercise of conscience in refusal of services.

When deciding whether a pregnant woman will take antidepressants that pose a slight risk to the fetus, the patient and doctor must each make value-based determinations about whether absolute protection of the fetus is more important than preventing the mother’s probable suffering.