Research and training are needed so that physicians are able to identify human trafficking victims and refer them to appropriate trauma-informed treatment.

Decriminalization of the sex trade speaks to medical ethics by reducing sex workers’ vulnerability to violence, exploitation, stigma, and trafficking.

The Nordic model policy option for addressing commercial sex—which exempts sellers from criminal penalties—offers several potential advantages.

Training for health care professionals on human trafficking should be informed by a human rights perspective and include prevention and identification of trafficking and treatment of trafficking-related health conditions.