A look at current literature and work by a statewide initiative can motivate development of policies that help respond to unrepresented patients’ needs.

An orthopedic surgery physician’s experiences suggest strategies for addressing patients’ discriminatory behaviors or speech.

Concrete protocols for supporting trainees include convening team meetings, tracking bias incidents, collecting data, and initiating protective changes in culture.

Prevention efforts can marginalize patients by stigmatizing certain behaviors, so distinguishing individual professionals’ preferences about those behaviors is critical.

A “simplicity strategy” suggests expressing respect for persons and empathy and models inclusive group inquiry, epistemic humility, and justice.

How should evidence be used to interpret and inform whether to accommodate patients’ requests for clinicians with specific traits?

Patient-physician concordance is a matter of degree. In certain circumstances, greater concordance can motivate important goals of medicine.

This issue considers the ethical complexities of responding to patients’ unjust bias in individual patient encounters and of responding to patients’ requests for certain types of patient-clinician concordance.

Affect labeling during painful bias incidents helps caregivers identify their duties to patients while enabling their own healing.

Patient bias towards clinicians and employees in health care is common, but policy to address bias and support staff is relatively limited.