Community-based participatory research ensures that community protections, risks, and benefits are considered during ethical reviews of research protocols.

Physicians new to a case might object to an established care plan. Practice variation, clinical momentum, and how value is assigned by different parties to acute care and comfort measures can each contribute to conflict in these cases.

Physicians must express compassion when discussing risk and success rates of palliative surgery.

Physicians need to help surrogate decision makers to make treatment and end-of-life decisions for those with severe neurological damage by proving a realistic prognosis and maintain strong lines of communication.

In conducting research abroad, clinicians should treat community members with dignity and as research partners.

In conducting research abroad, clinicians should treat community members with dignity and as research partners.

Moral distress can be reduced by approaching the patient-physician relationship with empathy and humility, which foster trust and good communication.

Opportunities to advance scientific knowledge may arise during humanitarian crises, but their presence does not justify suspension of the ethical foundations governing human subjects research.

An exploration of what could have been done to help the immigrant family of a severely ill child with his care.

For some patients whose survival is extended by disease-modifying interventions, little guidance about clinical and ethical complexities exist.