Clinicians must avoid violating professional ethical principles and patients’ legal rights and they may not ever discriminate. So, what does that mean in practice?

This photograph depicts a gateway at the Oud Sint-Janshospitaal, a medieval Flemish hospital.

Affect labeling during painful bias incidents helps caregivers identify their duties to patients while enabling their own healing.

An orthopedic surgery physician’s experiences suggest strategies for addressing patients’ discriminatory behaviors or speech.

Patient-physician concordance is a matter of degree. In certain circumstances, greater concordance can motivate important goals of medicine.

The Volunteer Physicians for Vietnam Program (1966-1973) influenced both physicians-in-training and the environments in which they were immersed.

Hippocrates, a plague doctor, and today's physician practice in ancient, medieval, and contemporary times and places.

Some physicians who value collective bargaining remain concerned that patient services could suffer, but unionization can be driven by a focus on improving care.

Mission statements offer limited benefit when patients do not have meaningful choices about where to seek care and can be misused.

Health workers care for COVID-19 patients, just as St Roch tended to bubonic plague victims during the Renaissance. Three artworks relate Roch’s story and apply key insights to the 2020 pandemic.