When prescribing antibiotics, physicians should weigh individual benefit against both environmental and community harms.

An educational initiative is described in which medical and bioethics students observe health care in an urban jail for two days and reflect on their learning.

A drawing captures one physician-artist’s experience of working in a prison.

When acting as a surrogate for incapacitated incarcerated patients, physicians may disclose protected health information to a patient’s legal counsel.

Compassionate release policies offering early release or parole to seriously ill incarcerated patients are underutilized and should be advocated for.

A correctional health educational initiative for medical students and residents, as well as curriculum development and physician advocacy, is discussed.

Probation programs that use a frequent, random urine drug testing (UDT) coupled with swift consequences for violations reduce drug use and recidivism.

The teach-to-goal method should be used to assess comprehension of incarcerated patients and other vulnerable groups during the informed consent process.

Introduction to the September 2017 issue on incarceration and correctional health care.

The AMA Code of Medical Ethics’ opinions related to health care for incarcerated people.