The AMA Code of Medical Ethics' opinions related to human trafficking.

Public health surveillance for infectious disease provides a model for a mandatory reporting policy for human trafficking, which poses risks for survivors.

Implementation of child abuse reporting laws may help policymakers assess the potential risks and benefits of mandatory reporting of human trafficking.

Physicians are bound in most states to report treating injuries they suspect are violence related.

Practices changed when hospitals became places of recovery rather than death.

Several recent court cases illustrate how some states are attempting to mandate physician reporting of all underage sexual activity as instances of child abuse.

Sets the ethical limits of student participation in patient care when the students are part of foreign medical teams.

Sets the ethical limits of student participation in patient care when the students are part of foreign medical teams.

Principles of respect for autonomy, beneficence, and nonmaleficence guide trauma-informed care. Care ethics should also support this framework for responding to the health needs of trafficked patients.

Increased awareness and improvement in access are needed in order to alleviate the racial disparities that exist with regard to the underutilization of hospice care by African Americans and other ethnic populations.